Archive | Respiratory
Respiratory & Airway Part Eight
Foreign Bodies in the Airway Adults commonly choke on food and dentures Children choke on toys, coins and food Stridor – high pitched noise heard on inspiration Cyanosis – bluish color to skin with with hypoxia Assessment: is it partial or complete obstruction? Retractions – sucking in of soft tissues of the chest during inspiration […]
Respiratory & Airway Part Seven
Combitube: ET tube and a large pharyngeal tube molded together Easy insertion Blind, no equipment needed, don’t need to see cords Patient’s head in neutral position Ventilate the correct tube once in position Self-adjusting/positioning posterior pharyngeal balloon Diminished gastric distension and regurgitation No face seal needed Disadvantages: Can’t seal trachea Only use on unconscious adults […]
Respiratory & Airway Part Six
Laryngoscope: used to move the tongue and epiglottis out of the way of the vocal cords. Made up of two pieces Handle – holds the batteries for the light Blade comes in sizes 0 (newborn) to 4 (adult) Curved blade – Macintosh, leaves more room to visualize glottic opening, less gagging due to position – […]
Respiratory & Airway Part Five
Airway Adjuncts: Maintain a patent airway Oropharyngeal- measure corner of mouth to earlobe. Patient must have no gag reflex. Use with a BVM, counters obstruction of tongue, facilitates suction. Doesn’t isolate trachea, can’t have clenched teeth. For pediatric use a tongue blade, it must be the right size Nasopharyngeal – measure tip of nose to earlobe, […]
Respiratory & Airway Part Four
Respiratory & Airway Part Four Assessing Intubation Placement – end tidal CO2 detectors Disposable colorimetric Electronic monitor Breath Sounds: listen for epigastric sounds after intubation. Apex of lungs right and left, mid clavicular right and left and mid axillary right and left Movement and Use of O2 in the Body depends on (Fick Principle): Adequate […]
Advanced Study | Respiratory & Airway Part Three
Respiratory & Airway Part Three Exchange and Transport of O2 and CO2 Red blood cells (RBCs) – transport O2 and CO2 with a protein called hemoglobin FiO2 – concentration of O2 in inspired are. Pressure stays high in O2 (104) and low in CO2 (50) to make the O2 move across the alveolar/capillary membrane in […]
Advanced Study | Respiratory & Airway Part Two
Respiratory & Airway Part Two Lower Airway: Runs from the glottic opening to pulmonary capillary membrane. Trachea: Conducts air to the lungs. 10-15 cm long tube, between larynx and bronchi, anterior to esophagus Right and left main bronchi: split at the carina Secondary bronchi: one for each lobe of the lungs 3 right, 2 left […]
Advanced Study | Respiratory & Airway Part One
Airway & Respiratory Anoxia: Lack of O2 Hypoxia: low levels of O2 to the cells, reduced O2 supply to the cells, leads toanaerobic metabolism> metabolic acidosis> cellular depression> cellular death Treatment: O2, it increases the patient’s ability to compensate for the hypoxia Hypoxemia: insufficient oxygenation of the blood Atelectasis: alveolar collapse Compliance: stiffness or flexibility […]
Respiratory Emergencies | Part Five | Other Respiratory Issues
Pulmonary Thrombo(from a clot) Embolism(break off and float up): blockage of a pulmonary artery by foreign matter. Usually it’s a blood clot formed in a pelvic or deep leg vein. 50,000 death annually, 5% of sudden deaths. Around 10% die, and that 10% in less than an hour. Risks: Sedentary lifestyle Obesity Infection Cancer Thromboplebitis […]